Assyrians controlled the lands from the border of Egypt to the Persian gulf during the 9th century BC. Like many societies, the Assyrians believed they had to advance their religious beliefs through warfare and conquest. The first society to make use of iron weapons, they were brilliant military strategists who also mastered the art of chariot battle.
Their military might was imposing and many of their foes surrendered to the Assyrians without any fight. The opponents who resisted faced an advanced military force with battering rams, charioteers and rolling seige towers that were a huge tactical advantage.
Not surprisingly, Assyrian art suggests that hunting had an important symbolic value for the culture. In Assyria this was definitely the case as there are dozens of stone art works from Assyria that depict the Royal Hunt. The acient Assyrians placed great importance on the Royal Hunt as a means of demonstrating the kings rule over brute nature and his courage. The Assyrian king added to his reputation as a warrior by participating in the Royal Hunt. Even though we might expect some exaggeration of the events, the reliefs that have been discovered would suggest a man worthy or rule if he was half as courageous as the reliefs suggest.
Ancient Assyrian art demonstrates the rich, ceremonial qualities of the Royal Hunt. Many of the artistic wall reliefs found by archaeologists show the king offering animals as sacrifices to Nergal, the sun God. This Mesopotamian deity was the god of war, pestilence and ruler of the underworld.
Of all the animals hunted by the king and his royal party, the lion presented the greatest challenge and prestige. Armed with a spear and bow and riding in a chariot, the king would chase the lion and bring him down. Once the lion was hurt and immobile, the king would step down from his chariot and complete the job with his sword. One must consider the fact that ancient art depicting royalty was meant to please the king, so its not clear just how active a role the king may have played in the hunt.
In a relief currently on display in the British Museum, the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal is depicted riding on horseback, bow raised. He is hunting wild donkeys who were considered a blight in those days. It was thought to be a very noble and worthy activity for the king to hunt the herd of wild asses and thin the population. Ashurbanipal was the last of the great Assyrian kings. He ruled at the height of the Assyrian empire, but twenty years after his death the empire had fallen.
Other wall reliefs suggest that the hunting of lions was such a popular sport, that the regional lion population was diminished. Lions were imported in from other regions and release for the purpose of hunting. This is evident from a number of Assyrian wall reliefs that show lions being released from cages.



















